Follow-up on this answer. Related Questions. Still Curious? A single atom of barium has 56 protons in its nucelus and in its elemental form has 56 electrons in electron orbitals surrounding the nucelus. The nucleus consists of 56 protons red and 82 neutrons blue. The stability of an element's outer electrons determines its chemical and physical properties. Barium is an alkaline earth metal in group 2, period 6, and the s-block of the periodic table.
It is extremely reactive and burns with a green flame. Barium compounds are used as X-ray contrast mediums for the digestive system. By sharing this link, I acknowledge that I have read and understand the Terms and Conditions. Sie kommen aus Deutschland?
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Jump to main content. Periodic Table. Glossary Allotropes Some elements exist in several different structural forms, called allotropes. Discovery date Discovered by Humphry Davy Origin of the name The name comes from the Greek 'barys', meaning heavy. Glossary Group A vertical column in the periodic table. Fact box. Glossary Image explanation Murray Robertson is the artist behind the images which make up Visual Elements.
Appearance The description of the element in its natural form. Biological role The role of the element in humans, animals and plants.
Natural abundance Where the element is most commonly found in nature, and how it is sourced commercially. Uses and properties. Image explanation. Barium is a soft, silvery metal that rapidly tarnishes in air and reacts with water. Barium is not an extensively used element. Most is used in drilling fluids for oil and gas wells.
It is also used in paint and in glassmaking. All barium compounds are toxic; however, barium sulfate is insoluble and so can be safely swallowed. A suspension of barium sulfate is sometimes given to patients suffering from digestive disorders.
Barium is a heavy element and scatters X-rays, so as it passes through the body the stomach and intestines can be distinguished on an X-ray. Barium carbonate has been used in the past as a rat poison. Barium nitrate gives fireworks a green colour. Biological role. Barium has no known biological role, although barium sulfate has been found in one particular type of algae.
Barium is toxic, as are its water- or acid-soluble compounds. Natural abundance. Barium occurs only in combination with other elements. The major ores are barite barium sulfate and witherite barium carbonate. Barium metal can be prepared by electrolysis of molten barium chloride, or by heating barium oxide with aluminium powder.
Help text not available for this section currently. Elements and Periodic Table History. In the early s, Vincenzo Casciarolo, of Bologna, Italy, found some unusual pebbles. If they were heated to redness during the day, they would shine during the night. This was the mineral barite barium sulfate, BaSO 4. When Bologna stone, as it became known, was investigated by Carl Scheele in s he realised it was the sulfate of an unknown element.
Meanwhile a mineralogist, Dr William Withering, had found another curiously heavy mineral in a lead mine in Cumberland which clearly was not a lead ore. He named it witherite; it was later shown to be barium carbonate, BaCO 3.
Neither the sulfate nor the carbonate yielded up the metal itself using the conventional process of smelting with carbon. However, Humphry Davy at the Royal Institution in London produced it by the electrolysis of barium hydroxide in Atomic data. Glossary Common oxidation states The oxidation state of an atom is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom. Oxidation states and isotopes. Glossary Data for this section been provided by the British Geological Survey.
Relative supply risk An integrated supply risk index from 1 very low risk to 10 very high risk. Recycling rate The percentage of a commodity which is recycled. Substitutability The availability of suitable substitutes for a given commodity. Reserve distribution The percentage of the world reserves located in the country with the largest reserves. Political stability of top producer A percentile rank for the political stability of the top producing country, derived from World Bank governance indicators.
Political stability of top reserve holder A percentile rank for the political stability of the country with the largest reserves, derived from World Bank governance indicators. Supply risk. Relative supply risk 8. Young's modulus A measure of the stiffness of a substance. Shear modulus A measure of how difficult it is to deform a material. Bulk modulus A measure of how difficult it is to compress a substance.
Vapour pressure A measure of the propensity of a substance to evaporate. Pressure and temperature data — advanced. Listen to Barium Podcast Transcript :. You're listening to Chemistry in its element brought to you by Chemistry World , the magazine of the Royal Society of Chemistry. Hello, this week rat poison, fireworks, fine glass, oil exploration and enemas.
Spotted the link yet, well the answer is sitting in the apple green element at the bottom of group two. For many, barium has an unpleasant association. The first thing most people think about when this element is mentioned is the "barium enema" or "barium swallow".
Sickly memories often surface of the radiology clinic - where they even ask which flavor you would like strawberry or banana These "cocktails" consist of a white fluid of barium sulfate that is either "squirted" up one orifice or swallowed down another. It is used to help diagnose diseases and other problems that affect the large intestine or the esophagus.
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